Heat Exchanger
Glass heat exchangers made of Borosilicate glass 3.3 have the advantage of being transparent and high-corrosion resistance, which are important characteristics for various applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Just about every process that uses fluid media involves heat being added or removed. NORMAG, therefore, offers a wide range of corrosion-resistant heat exchangers to suit various applications, which are all designed and optimized in relation to the process requirements.
Condenser
Coil Condensers are used for condensation of vapours and cooling of liquids. Condensers are made by fusing number of parallel coils in a glass shell. Coils are made in different diameters using tubes of different bores.
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The average co-efficient of heat transfer in coil condenser is considered as :-
Condensation 200 – 270 Kcal/m2, hr, °C appx.
Cooling 100 – 150 Kcal/m2, hr, °C appx.
Precautions to be taken in use of coil condensers :
Precautions to be taken in use of coil condensers :
– Vapours should be passed through shell only.
– Maximum pressure of coolant should be 2.7 bars.
– Adequate flow of coolant should be used.
– Steam should not be used in coils.
– Coolant should not be heated to boiling point.
– Coolant control valve should be turned slowly.
– Coolant should be allowed to drain freely.
– Brine can be used in coils in a closed circuit.
– Water main should be connected with flexible hose.
– Ensure no freezing of water remaining in the coils.
– Condensers should be mounted vertically only.
– Condensers can be mounted in series to provide larger surface area.
Methods of Use of Coil Condenser :
Vapours from bottom
This method is simple to install over a reactor. However this results in condensate returning substantially at its condensing temperature. In this method care must be taken that condensate is not excessive that it can lead to “logging” the coils and create back pressure in the system. Generally a reflux divider is used below the condenser to take out the distillate.
Vapors from top
This method produce a cool condensate using the entire coolinlg surface area. This method should be used where the condensate can lead to “logging” of coils.
BOILERS
Boilers are used for vaporization of liquids by passing the steam in the coils. Boilers are made by fusing number of parallel coils in a glass shell. In Boilers, coils are designed to provide bigger cross section in the shell side as compared to condensers. o The average heat transfer in Boilers is considered as 350 Kcal/m2,hr, C at a steam pressure of 3.5 bar.
Note on use of Boilers :
1. Steam should be passed in the coils at a maximum pressure of 3.5 bar which is equalant to a temperature of 147 °C.
2. For higher temperature (maximum upto 200 °C) heat transfer fluids can be passed in the coils. – Cold liquids
3. Cold liquids should be preheated for better results.
4. Boilers should bemounted in an external circulatory loop (as shown in figure) and not direct at the bottom of flask or column
5. Under certain circumstances, boilers can be mounted in series to provide larger heat transfer area.
PRODUCT COOLERS
Product coolers are used for cooling of liquids, typically, for the cooling of distillates from the distillation columns. Unlike coil condensers, in product coolers, product travels through the coil battery and coolant through shell. This provides more resident time to the product to be cooled. For direct connection with distillate lines, all the product coolers are provided with 25 DN connections.
